變性人也應受尊重!NPR來自巴基斯坦的報導
From NPR
我沒有特別喜歡變性人題材啦!
只是碰巧NPR近期有特別的報導
為了增加大家的國際觀
才特別選錄。課堂上的聽力補充不能超過五分鐘
所以這絕對不是刻意去選的題目
巴基斯坦的男性習慣牽牽大手
一般人對於變裝的男性也比較能夠接受
近年來這些第三性人士的社會地位有顯著提升
下面一起來看看NPR的報導
下載聲音檔請點我
In Pakistan, there's an age-old tradition古老的傳統 many Westerners might find surprising: transvestites異性裝扮癖 at baby showers. Transgender women have long been
considered good
luck for Pakistani newborns and newlyweds. But they also face discrimination歧視.
NPR's Lauren Frayer talked with members of the Pakistan
LAUREN FRAYER, BYLINE: Urban Pakistan assaults your
senses攻擊(震撼)你的感官: tangles
of traffic交通打結, Pakistani pop competing with the mosque's call
to prayer巴基斯坦的流行歌與清真寺的祈禱聲相互轟債聽覺, pungent spices in the steamy air溫熱的氣溫中彌漫著辛辣的香料氣味. And then there are the transvestites.
FRAYER: At traffic lights, you see people draped in elegant
pink and red clothing身上披著高雅的粉紅色與紅色服裝, with
sparkling makeup顏色鮮豔的妝容. They tap their painted fingernails on your car window,
asking for money. And that's when you notice the stubble鬍鬚渣 on their chins.
MINA MEHVISH: (Through translator) Begging here in
traffic is just a part-time job, but I really want to be a dancer.
FRAYER: Thirty-three-year-old Mina Mehvish is a
hijra, the South Asian term for transgender women, who trace their presence
here back to at least the 16th century, when eunuchs太監 served as entertainers
and guards in Mogul courts. This year, hijras won a legal battle 打了一場法律的勝仗to have a third
gender 第三性option on national ID cards.
About 50,000
Pakistanis are classified as hijras like Mehvish.
MEHVISH: (Through translator) I'm neither a man nor
a woman. We cannot marry, we cannot produce children. So this is how we lead
our lives. We're neither.
FRAYER: Mehvish was born male, but now
identifies as a female - and not as gay, which she considers a sin in Islam.
MEHVISH: (Through translator) I just have a
boyfriend, I don't have a girlfriend. So, I'm not homosexual.
FRAYER: Gender studies professor Fatimah Ihsan says
Pakistanis have
more fluid gender identities對於性別的界定比較不那麼僵硬 than you might expect. Part of that, she says, is the
segregation of men and women, which creates very close same-sex friendships.
Men hold hands 牽手in the street.
FATIMAH IHSAN: A lot of sort of homoeroticism同性之間的愛戀 you'll see, but that doesn't necessarily mean that they
have a same-sex relationship. It's just part of our culture. In the
West, I think everything has been boxed so strictly被侷限於框架中.
FRAYER: There is serious discrimination against
hijras - stories of rape by police who are supposed to protect them. But
slowly their
status is
rising這些變性人的地位正逐漸提升.
FRAYER: Last year, the highest-grossing Pakistani
film was "Bol," which means speak out in Urdu烏爾都語(巴基斯坦的國語，同時也是印度規定的24種語言之一). The villain壞蛋 is a father who murders his son for wanting to wear women's clothes.
Almas Bobby, the leader of Pakistan's transgender community, made a cameo友情客串 (通常出現的時間與次數不多，多是名人在劇中扮演自己，友時沒有對白) in the film.
ALMAS BOBBY: When I see lot of discrimination, then
I decided to do something for my community, because there was no platform平台. They feel it's an embarrassing, sensitive topic.
FRAYER: Bobby took the ID card battle to Pakistan Pakistan
BOBBY: Now, people realize that we are God's creation,
and we have our rights. And God sent us but not in tribal areas.
FRAYER: There are some conservative neighborhoods保守的區域 where hijras are not welcome. Down a dark alley across
from a mosque清真寺(回教寺院), a bunch of transgender wedding singers rehearse in
secret.
FRAYER: While having her makeup done, a 22-year-old
performer who goes by the single name Sameeha, says she once dreamed of being a
doctor.
But she came out as a hijra as a teen, and faced so much discrimination that
she quit school.
FRAYER: There are allegations that we're involved
in sex
and drugs, but we're God-fearing敬畏上帝的 people, she says. Why
don't people worry about the real problems in society, instead of us?
Lauren Frayer, NPR News, Islamabad
BLOCK: You're listening to ALL THINGS CONSIDERED
from NPR News.
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