無痛英文文法又來了! 搞懂這些用法,人生黑白變彩色! Dogs don't lay. They lie down.
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Lie跟Lay這兩個動詞容易搞混,是因為lay這個字的現在式,就是lie的過去式。想要搞動這兩個字,請記得看下面教練給的例句。
Lay 放下/擱著
動詞三態 Lay→Laid→Laid(規則的過去式動詞變化)
- I want to just lay my head on the table and rest for a bit.
- My mom has just laid some food on the dining table.
Lie 躺下
動詞三態 Lie→Lay→Lain(不規則的過去式動詞變化)
- My dog likes to lie next to my feet when I'm working.
- I woke up and lay in bed until 12 pm yesterday.
- Jack has lain in bed all day because he is sick.
Lie 說謊的使用方式
- I can't believe you've lied to me.
- Don't listen to him, he's lying!
⇩更多容易搞混的英文與文法歡迎繼續閱讀⇩
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無痛英文文法 6
錯誤率百分百的英文用法
1.
It’s costly to eat out these days.
2.
Failure to insure your car can
prove very expensive,
especially in the event of a crash.
英文的expensive 與 costly中文都有昂貴的意思,但是這兩個字在英文中的用法不一樣。首先,expensive經常用來表達日常生活所需用品的價格很高,而且這個字還暗示了價格超過了物品合理的價值,也影射購買者購買能力不足。至於costly則有代價的意思,指的是某件事情會有嚴重後果。所以正確的句型如下
1.
It’s expensive to eat out these days.
2.
Failure to insure your car can
prove very costly,
especially in the event of a crash.
不過如果是買一個鑽戒或是一棟房子,這些物品因為價格非常高昂,可能不是幾百塊錢甚至幾千塊錢可以打發的,這時候就可以使用costly這個字了。
Those are costly diamond rings. We can’t
afford them.
說到價錢這檔子事,很多人cost跟price搞不清楚,因為覺得意思都差不多,費用跟價錢這兩個詞,中文的意思很接近,但是英文可不是通用的。下面兩個句子都錯了。
1.
The price of living is higher in Japan
than in Taiwan.
2.
Housing costs keep
going up.
這裡要記得,如果是指城市或是國家的生活費用高低,正確的用法是cost而非price。同樣的,講到貨品的價格,則使用price這個字。
1.
The cost of living is higher in
Japan than in Taiwan.
2.
Housing prices
keep going up.
接下來要提到的,是couple這個字。Couple(情侶)到底是接複數還是單數動詞,很多人搞不清楚。這裡我一次講清楚,日後再也無痛。
u Couple這個字若是做主詞的時候,可以接複數或是單數動詞。如果你把這個字看成整體,就是單數,把它看成兩個個體,就是複數。所以有人用亂猜法,單數複數好像都對。
u 不過如果couple一字的前面有加the,就要用單數動詞。通常如果couple這字的前面加的是a就請用複數動詞。
請看下面兩個正確用法。
1.
The couple in
Apartment 6C seems
to be very young.
2. A couple of
positions are available.
至於a couple of這裡我也說明一下。A couple of 中文的解釋有兩種,第一個是數個,第二個是指兩個。但什麼時候是指兩個,什麼時候是指數個呢,請按照前後文來判斷。
- A couple of fake eyes are all he needs to get back on track.
這邊有個失明人,需要裝義眼,所以英文的a couple of這時候幾乎一定是指兩個。
- We went to Japan a couple of years ago.
這裡的a couple of 就有可能是指a
few所以可以說幾年前,不見得一定是兩年。
最後要講的,是Total 跟number後面到底是加複數還是單數動詞。請記得下面幾個通則。(這些通則並不難,不要害怕吸收這些訊息)
Ø 如果是the total, the number做為主詞時,通常就是單數動詞
Ø 如果是 a total, a number尤其後面還有一個of的時候,就用複數動詞(簡單吧?)
n The total was in the
millions. 總數有百萬之譜
n A total
of four schoolgirls were killed in the car crash. 那次車禍總共有四個女學生死亡。
Majority
的動詞單複數
The majority
of 後面動詞其實可以是單數或是複數,判斷的方式很簡單,跟前面說的couple一樣。如果你把這大多數看成是一個整體,那就使用單數動詞,但如果是一群單獨的個體,那就使用複數動詞吧。
u The majority
is any subgroup at least 50% plus one person. 超過50%的那群人就是多數。
u The majority
elects the candidate it wants. (因為選舉多由一個整體來完成,所以動詞多用單數)
u The majority
of criminals are non-violent. (這邊將罪犯當成一群單獨的個體)
u The majority
of the structural damage caused by the earthquake is
impossible to repair. (由於damage損害這個字,是不可數的名詞,所以majority
應該要用單數動詞)
u A majority of the voters are happy with the election result
u A majority of the voters live in the downtown area.
A majority
of 的用法跟a couple of, a number of,
a total of 一樣,動詞應用複數
謝謝教練,我覺得這篇對我幫助很大喔
回覆刪除Hi Unknown,
回覆刪除這個單元還有很多篇可以下載喔。